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ASTM A691 Cr-Mo Alloy Steel SAW Pipes Manufacturer, Supplier & Exporter — Inox Steel India

Inox Steel India is a leading manufacturer and exporter of ASTM A691 Cr-Mo Alloy Steel SAW Pipes, engineered specifically for high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-stress environments. These pipes are widely used in power plants, boilers, refineries, petrochemical units, steam pipelines, and hydrogen/chemical processing systems.

ASTM A691 pipes are manufactured using submerged arc welding (SAW) of chromium-molybdenum alloy steel plates, followed by normalizing, tempering, or quench & temper heat treatment depending on the grade. They offer exceptional resistance to:

  • High temperature creep
  • Thermal fatigue
  • Steam oxidation
  • Hydrogen attack
  • High-pressure flow
  • Corrosive hydrocarbons

These qualities make A691 pipes indispensable for critical process systems where operational safety & reliability are non-negotiable.

Table of Contents

What Are ASTM A691 Cr-Mo SAW Pipes?

ASTM A691 defines Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) pipes manufactured from Cr-Mo alloy steel plates, used where extreme heat and pressure performance is required.

Key Characteristics:

  • Designed for temperatures up to 650°C
  • Excellent creep strength
  • High resistance to hydrogen embrittlement
  • Superior weld integrity due to SAW process
  • Suitable for large-diameter & heavy-wall piping

These pipes are essential for superheaters, reheaters, steam headers, boiler piping, refinery heaters, and petrochemical process lines.

Types of SAW Pipes We Manufacture Under ASTM A691

Single SAW Welded Pipes
Standard SAW longitudinal weld for general high-temperature use.

Double SAW Welded Pipes
Internal + external SAW welds → maximum weld integrity.

Heat-Treated SAW Pipes

  • Normalized (N)
  • Normalized & Tempered (N&T)
  • Quenched & Tempered (Q&T)
Heavy-Wall SAW Pipes
For extreme pressure and temperature service.

3LPE / Epoxy Coated SAW Pipes
For buried pipelines or corrosive environments.

Cr-Mo Alloy Steel Grades Used in ASTM A691 Pipes

Grade Composition Highlights Typical Use
1-1/4Cr–1/2Mo Good creep resistance Steam & boiler lines
2 1/4Cr–1Mo Better oxidation & strength Hot hydrocarbon service
5Cr–1/2Mo Superior corrosion resistance Refinery heaters & reactors
9Cr–1Mo Exceptional high-temp strength Superheaters, HRSG, hydrogen lines

The presence of chromium (Cr) improves oxidation & corrosion resistance, while molybdenum (Mo) enhances creep strength and high-temperature durability.

Key Features & Advantages

  1. Withstands high temperatures (500°C–650°C)
  2. High resistance to oxidation & hot corrosion
  3. Superb creep strength for long-term durability
  4. Hydrogen attack resistant (Cr-Mo)
  5. High-strength SAW weld with deep penetration
  6. Suitable for heavy-wall, large-bore pipeline systems
  7. Ideal for boilers, high-pressure steam lines, and refinery heaters
  8. Available in multiple heat-treated conditions

Manufacturing Process of ASTM A691 SAW Pipes

1️ Alloy Steel Plate Selection
High-grade Cr-Mo plates tested for chemistry & mechanical properties.
2️ Edge Beveling & Preparation
Uniform edges allow deep penetration during welding.

3️ SAW Welding (Submerged Arc Welding)

  • Flux-covered weld
  • Perfect shielding
  • No spatter
  • Deep penetration
  • Smooth, high-quality weld seam

4️ Heat Treatment
Depending on grade & service:

  • Normalized
  • Normalized & Tempered
  • Quenched & Tempered
5️ Weld Testing (NDT)
RT (Radiography), UT, and MPI performed as required.

6️ Hydrostatic Pressure Testing
Guarantees pressure integrity and leak-proof performance.

7️ Final Inspection & Marking
Size, grade, class, heat number, ASTM A691 marking.

Applications of ASTM A691 Cr-Mo SAW Pipes

Power Generation

  • Superheated steam lines
  • Boiler feedwater lines
  • HRSG systems

Refineries

  • Heater coils
  • Hydrocracker piping
  • Hot hydrocarbon transport lines

Petrochemical Plants

  • Hydrogen lines
  • Reformers
  • High-stress piping systems

Chemical Industry

  • High-temperature corrosive media
  • Acid gas service

Oil & Gas

  • Hot fluid transport
  • High-pressure transmission pipelines

Industrial Boilers

  • Reheater lines
  • Main steam piping
  • Creep-resistant pipelines

Technical Overview of ASTM A691 Cr-Mo Alloy Steel SAW Pipes

ASTM A691 covers Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) alloy steel pipes manufactured from Cr-Mo (Chromium-Molybdenum) plates for use in high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-stress environments. These pipes are essential for critical pipelines where creep resistance, thermal stability, and weld integrity are mandatory.

Cr-Mo SAW pipes offer excellent performance in:

  • Superheated steam
  • Hot hydrocarbons
  • High-pressure boilers
  • Reactor systems
  • Hydrogen-rich environments

Inox Steel India manufactures fully certified A691 pipes with complete NDT, heat treatment charts, RT films, and mechanical test records, ensuring unmatched engineering reliability.

Parameter / Property ASTM A691 Cr-Mo Alloy Steel SAW Pipes Standard Requirements – ASTM A691
Material Type Cr-Mo Alloy Steel Alloy Steel SAW Pipes
Manufacturing Standard ASTM A691 ASTM A691
Manufacturing Process SAW (Submerged Arc Welded) Mandatory SAW welding
Grades Available 1-1/4Cr–1/2Mo, 2-1/4Cr–1Mo, 5Cr–1/2Mo, 9Cr–1Mo All Cr-Mo grades
Heat Treatment Normalized, Tempered, Quenched & Tempered As per grade requirements
Applications High temp & pressure service Boiler, header, steam & refinery pipelines
Weld Integrity High-strength SAW weld Deep penetration weld
Mechanical Strength (TS) ~485–655 MPa (grade-dependent) As specified in ASTM
Yield Strength (YS) ~275–450 MPa As per grade
Temperature Resistance 500°C–650°C Suitable for high temp service
Corrosion Resistance Excellent in hot fluids, steam Depends on Mo and Cr content
OD Range 16” – 60” (Custom) Large-bore piping
Wall Thickness SCH 20 – SCH 160 / Heavy Wall As per specification
Testing Requirements RT/UT, Hydro, Hardness, Impact Mandatory NDT + Destructive tests
Coating Options Black, Painted, Epoxy, 3LPE Optional
Typical Industries Power, Petrochemical, Refineries High-temp pipelines
Documentation MTC 3.1/3.2, RT films, HT charts Required
HSN Code 7305 / 7306 SAW Alloy Steel Pipes

Grades & Specifications We Supply

Cr-Mo Alloy Steel Grades Under ASTM A691

  • 1-1/4Cr – 1/2Mo (Grade 11)
    For moderate high-temperature service & steam applications.
  • 2-1/4Cr – 1Mo (Grade 22)
    For boilers, HRSG units, furnace piping & hydrocarbon service.
  • 5Cr – 1/2Mo (Grade 5)
    For refinery heaters, reactors & corrosive hot fluids.
  • 9Cr – 1Mo (Grade 91)
    Designed for extreme high-temperature service, superheaters, hydrogen lines.

Heat Treatment Conditions

  • N — Normalized
  • NT — Normalized & Tempered
  • Q&T — Quenched & Tempered (highest strength)

Engineering Selection Guide — Grade vs Application

Grade Temperature Range Best Used For
1-1/4Cr–1/2Mo Up to ~500°C Steam lines, moderate temp service
2-1/4Cr–1Mo Up to ~600°C Power plants, boilers, HRSG, refinery piping
5Cr–1/2Mo Up to ~620°C Hot hydrocarbon service, heater tubes
9Cr–1Mo (Grade 91) Up to ~650°C Superheaters, hydrogen lines, high-stress pipelines

Rule of Thumb:
More Mo = better high-temperature & creep strength
More Cr = better oxidation & corrosion resistance

Dimensional Range

Parameter Capability
Outside Diameter (OD) 16” – 60” (Custom up to 80”)
Wall Thickness SCH 20 – SCH 160 / Heavy-wall custom
Length 6 m / 12 m / Long-length
Weld Type Submerged Arc Welded (SAW)
Heat Treatment N, NT, Q&T
Ends Bevelled / Plain
Coatings Black, Painted, Epoxy, 3LPE/3LPP

 Price Range (Indicative)

Grade Price (INR/kg) Price (USD/kg)
A691 1-1/4Cr–1/2Mo ₹ 110 – ₹ 160 $ 1.60 – $ 2.30
A691 2-1/4Cr–1Mo ₹ 140 – ₹ 190 $ 1.95 – $ 2.75
A691 5Cr–1/2Mo ₹ 160 – ₹ 225 $ 2.20 – $ 3.20
A691 9Cr–1Mo (Grade 91) ₹ 210 – ₹ 300 $ 3.00 – $ 4.10
Q&T Heat Treatment Addon +₹ 12 – ₹ 35 +$ 0.18 – $ 0.50
3LPE/3LPP Coating +₹ 20 – ₹ 45 +$ 0.25 – $ 0.60

Prices depend on OD, thickness, grade, heat treatment, testing level & documentation.

HSN Code

7305 / 7306 — Alloy Steel SAW Pipes

Testing & Quality Assurance

Mandatory Tests (ASTM A691)

  • Radiography (RT) – Full or Spot depending on Class
  • Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
  • Hydrostatic Pressure Test
  • Hardness Test
  • Tensile & Yield Test
  • Flattening / Bend Test
  • impact Test (if specified)

Additional Tests (On Request)

  • PWHT records
  • Microstructure analysis
  • Ferrite number
  • Hydrogen resistance testing

Documentation Provided

  • MTC EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2
  • RT Films
  • UT Reports
  • Heat Treatment Charts
  • Weld Maps
  • Dimensional Inspection Sheets

Third-Party Inspection (TPI)

SGS • BV • DNV • TÜV • Lloyd’s Register

Export Coverage

Inox Steel India exports ASTM A691 SAW Alloy Steel Pipes to:

Middle East:

  • Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman

Africa:

  • South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya

Europe:

  • UK, Germany, Italy, France, Netherlands

Americas:

  • USA, Canada, Brazil, Mexico

Asia Pacific:

  • Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea

Used in:

  • Power Generation
  • Oil & Gas Refineries
  • HRSG & Boiler Plants
  • Petrochemical Industries
  • High-Temperature Pipelines
  • Hydrogen Processing Systems

Why Choose Inox Steel India for ASTM A691 Cr-Mo SAW Pipes?

High-temperature and high-pressure pipelines demand deep-penetration weld strength, creep resistance, heat stability, and strict metallurgical control. Inox Steel India delivers ASTM A691 pipes that meet global engineering standards for critical installations.

Why Engineers & EPC Companies Trust Us:

  1. 100% compliance with ASTM A691
  2. High-integrity SAW welds with full penetration
  3. Supplied in 1-1/4Cr, 2-1/4Cr, 5Cr, 9Cr (Grade 91)
  4. Heat-treated (N, NT, Q&T) for maximum mechanical strength
  5. Heavy-wall, thick-section pipes for high-pressure service
  6. Suitable for temperatures up to 650°C
  7. Complete documentation (RT films, UT reports, HT charts, MTC)
  8. Export-grade finishing & coating (Black, Epoxy, 3LPE/3LPP)
  9. Precise dimensional control & superior weld quality
  10. Global export capability with safe logistics

Inox Steel India is considered one of India’s most reliable suppliers of Cr-Mo alloy steel SAW pipes for mission-critical installations.

Industries & Applications

Power Plants & HRSG Systems

  • Superheater & reheater pipelines
  • Steam headers
  • Boiler main steam lines
  • Economizer & hot fluid lines

Refineries & Petrochemical Units

  • Hot hydrocarbon pipelines
  • Reactor inlet/outlet lines
  • Fired heater coils
  • Hydrogen-rich environments

Refineries & Petrochemical Complexes

  • High-temperature reactors
  • Fractionation units
  • Heater/boiler connections
  • Hydrogen & hydrocarbon lines

Chemical & Fertilizer Industries

  • Acid gas pipelines
  • High-temperature corrosive service

Industrial Boilers

  • HRSG headers
  • Reheater piping
  • Creep-resistant pipelines

High-Stress Engineering Systems

  • Long-distance pipelines
  • High operating temperature systems
  • Structural use in high-load zones

ASTM A691 is chosen where reliability, temperature resistance, and long-term creep strength are engineering priorities.

Packaging & Export Handling

Large-diameter Cr-Mo SAW pipes require careful handling and secure packaging.

Standard Packing

  • Steel-strapped bundles
  • Black/painted finish
  • Grade & heat number marking
  • End caps for protection

Heavy Industrial Packing

  • Wooden saddles
  • Bevel protectors
  • VCI anti-corrosion wrapping

Export Grade Packing

  • Moisture barrier packaging
  • 3LPE/3LPP coated pipes wrapped with protective film
  • Container securing with wooden blocks & steel bracing

Ports of Dispatch

JNPT • Mundra • Hazira • Chennai • Vizag

Contact Inox Steel India

Looking for ASTM A691 Cr-Mo Alloy Steel SAW Pipes for boilers, power plants, refineries, petrochemical units, or high-temperature pipelines?

Inox Steel India

52-A, Mulji Thackersi Bldg, Islampura Street, Shop No. 10, Near Alankar Cinema, Mumbai – 400 004

Email

alloy@inoxsteelindia.in

Phone

+91 9930796690

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Grade 22 (2-1/4Cr–1Mo): For boilers & refinery service up to ~600°C
Grade 91 (9Cr–1Mo): For superheater & ultra-high-temperature service (~650°C)

→ Yes — Q&T pipes are supplied for high-stress applications.

→ Up to 60” standard, 80” custom.

→ Yes — 3LPE, 3LPP, FBE, and epoxy coatings available as per project specification.

→ Yes — full QA documentation is supplied.

We offer engineering-grade pipes with full testing reports & global delivery.